Utiliser un texte comme chemin

TextPathcrée un Pathqui est le contour des caractères d'un texte. Le chemin résultant peut être utilisé, par exemple, comme chemin de détourage pour une image.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.cbook import get_sample_data
from matplotlib.image import BboxImage
from matplotlib.offsetbox import (
    AnnotationBbox, AnchoredOffsetbox, AuxTransformBox)
from matplotlib.patches import PathPatch, Shadow
from matplotlib.text import TextPath
from matplotlib.transforms import IdentityTransform
import numpy as np


class PathClippedImagePatch(PathPatch):
    """
    The given image is used to draw the face of the patch. Internally,
    it uses BboxImage whose clippath set to the path of the patch.

    FIXME : The result is currently dpi dependent.
    """

    def __init__(self, path, bbox_image, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(path, **kwargs)
        self.bbox_image = BboxImage(
            self.get_window_extent, norm=None, origin=None)
        self.bbox_image.set_data(bbox_image)

    def set_facecolor(self, color):
        """Simply ignore facecolor."""
        super().set_facecolor("none")

    def draw(self, renderer=None):
        # the clip path must be updated every draw. any solution? -JJ
        self.bbox_image.set_clip_path(self._path, self.get_transform())
        self.bbox_image.draw(renderer)
        super().draw(renderer)


if __name__ == "__main__":

    fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2)

    # EXAMPLE 1

    arr = plt.imread(get_sample_data("grace_hopper.jpg"))

    text_path = TextPath((0, 0), "!?", size=150)
    p = PathClippedImagePatch(text_path, arr, ec="k",
                              transform=IdentityTransform())

    # make offset box
    offsetbox = AuxTransformBox(IdentityTransform())
    offsetbox.add_artist(p)

    # make anchored offset box
    ao = AnchoredOffsetbox(loc='upper left', child=offsetbox, frameon=True,
                           borderpad=0.2)
    ax1.add_artist(ao)

    # another text
    for usetex, ypos, string in [
            (False, 0.25, r"textpath supports mathtext"),
            (True, 0.05, r"textpath supports \TeX"),
    ]:
        text_path = TextPath((0, 0), string, size=20, usetex=usetex)

        p1 = PathPatch(text_path, ec="w", lw=3, fc="w", alpha=0.9,
                       transform=IdentityTransform())
        p2 = PathPatch(text_path, ec="none", fc="k",
                       transform=IdentityTransform())

        offsetbox2 = AuxTransformBox(IdentityTransform())
        offsetbox2.add_artist(p1)
        offsetbox2.add_artist(p2)

        ab = AnnotationBbox(offsetbox2, (0.95, ypos),
                            xycoords='axes fraction',
                            boxcoords="offset points",
                            box_alignment=(1., 0.),
                            frameon=False,
                            )
        ax1.add_artist(ab)

    ax1.imshow([[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3]], cmap=plt.cm.gist_gray_r,
               interpolation="bilinear", aspect="auto")

    # EXAMPLE 2

    arr = np.arange(256).reshape(1, 256) / 256

    for usetex, xpos, string in [
            (False, 0.25,
             r"$\left[\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{-e^{i\pi}}{2^n}\right]$!"),
            (True, 0.75,
             r"$\displaystyle\left[\sum_{n=1}^\infty"
             r"\frac{-e^{i\pi}}{2^n}\right]$!"),
    ]:
        text_path = TextPath((0, 0), string, size=40, usetex=usetex)
        text_patch = PathClippedImagePatch(text_path, arr, ec="none",
                                           transform=IdentityTransform())

        shadow1 = Shadow(text_patch, 1, -1, fc="none", ec="0.6", lw=3)
        shadow2 = Shadow(text_patch, 1, -1, fc="0.3", ec="none")

        # make offset box
        offsetbox = AuxTransformBox(IdentityTransform())
        offsetbox.add_artist(shadow1)
        offsetbox.add_artist(shadow2)
        offsetbox.add_artist(text_patch)

        # place the anchored offset box using AnnotationBbox
        ab = AnnotationBbox(offsetbox, (xpos, 0.5),
                            xycoords='data',
                            boxcoords="offset points",
                            box_alignment=(0.5, 0.5),
                            )

        ax2.add_artist(ab)

    ax2.set_xlim(0, 1)
    ax2.set_ylim(0, 1)

    plt.show()